As per the issue raised here, if you’ve moved the data disk for your HA OS to a NVME SSD then the Pironman setup tool to get i2C working will fail. The tool wants to mount the /boot partition but does that based on the visible disk. The tool needs to select the right disk for the mount command.
Has there been any update to this? I also have Home Assistant OS installed and using an NVME drive instead of the SD card. Same permission error the other thread mentioned.